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The Luzon Rufous hornbill is characterized by its red bill while the Visayan and Mindanao Rufous Hornbill have red bills that are pale yellow on the distal half. All rufous hornbill have dark rufous plumage and white tail.


Distribution
Luzon and Marinduque (race hydrocorax), Samar, Leyte, Bohol, Panaon, Biliran, Calico-an and Buad (racesemigaleatus), Dinagat, Siargao, Mindanao (plus Balut, Bucas and Talicud) and Basilan (race mindanensis).


Habitat

Primary evergreen forests

Fruits


Reproduction

As with other hornbills, females seal themselves within the nest cavity, where they lay the clutch and remain with the growing young for most or all of the nesting period. In some species the male helps with the sealing process from outside the nest cavity. The nestlings and female are fed by the male through a narrow vertical slit in the sealed nest opening.


Behavior
Territorial

The Rufous Hornbill is classified as near threatened in the IUCN Red List and listed on the appendix II of CITES.

 

Did you know? 

The rufous hornbill is sometimes called "the clock of the mountains" because of its periodic noontime call.


Sources:
1. Wikipedia. Rufous hornbill. Date Accessed: May 26, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufous_hornbill

2. Kinnard, M. and O'Brien, T. The Ecology and Conservation of Asian Hornbills: Farmers of the Forest (2007). University of Chicago Press.
3. Strange, Mortem. A Photographic Guide to the Birds of Southeast Asia including the Philippines and Borneo (2013). Tuttle Publishing.
4. Birdlife International. Rufous hornbill. Date Accessed: May 26, 2014. http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=953